1. It also has a high cation-exchange capacity , which also supports the larger biomass. 2. Closely related to cation-exchange capacity is the neutralised in the short time perspective. 3. This is measured through the cation exchange capacity . 4. Biochar is shown to have increased soil cation exchange capacity leading to improved plant nutrient uptake. 5. The chemistry of a soil determines its ability to supply available anion exchange capacity ( AEC ). 6. From the soil chemist's perspective, the process improves the ion-exchange capacity of soils while forming new clay minerals. 7. This reflects an increase in the level of soil organic carbon, Cation-exchange capacity , available plant nutrients and exchangeable bases. 8. The total number of cations a soil can hold, its total negative charge, is the soil's cation exchange capacity . 9. However, high ion exchange capacity leads to excessive swelling of polymer on hydration and concomitant loss of mechanical properties. 10. Kaolinite has a low shrink swell capacity and a low cation-exchange capacity ( 1 15 meq / 100 g ).